{"id":66,"date":"2018-04-10T09:49:39","date_gmt":"2018-04-10T08:49:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/upgrade-gsa\/?p=66"},"modified":"2019-05-09T10:23:39","modified_gmt":"2019-05-09T09:23:39","slug":"lecture-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/2018\/04\/10\/lecture-1\/","title":{"rendered":"Lecture 1"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 {\n\t\t\t\tmargin: auto;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 .gallery-item {\n\t\t\t\tfloat: left;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 10px;\n\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t\t\t\twidth: 25%;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 img {\n\t\t\t\tborder: 2px solid #cfcfcf;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 .gallery-caption {\n\t\t\t\tmargin-left: 0;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\/* see gallery_shortcode() in wp-includes\/media.php *\/\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-66 gallery-columns-4 gallery-size-full'><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.016-1.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.016-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Chinese Lecture Slide\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.016-1.jpg 500w, https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.016-1-300x169.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.017.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.017.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Chinese Lecture Slide\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.017.jpg 500w, https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.017-300x169.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.018.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.018.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Chinese Lecture Slide\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.018.jpg 500w, https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.018-300x169.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.019.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.019.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Chinese Lecture Slide\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.019.jpg 500w, https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.019-300x169.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.020.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.020.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Chinese Lecture Slide\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.020.jpg 500w, https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.020-300x169.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.021.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.021.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Chinese Lecture Slide\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.021.jpg 500w, https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.021-300x169.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.022.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.022.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Chinese Lecture Slide\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.022.jpg 500w, https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.022-300x169.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.023.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.023.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Chinese Lecture Slide\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.023.jpg 500w, https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.023-300x169.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.024.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Chinese Lecture Slide\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.024.jpg 500w, https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.024-300x169.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.025.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.025.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Chinese Lecture Slide\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.025.jpg 500w, https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.025-300x169.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.026.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.026.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"Chinese Lecture Slide\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.026.jpg 500w, https:\/\/research.kent.ac.uk\/gsa\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2263\/2019\/04\/PPT-Lecture-1.026-300x169.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt><\/dl>\n\t\t\t<br style='clear: both' \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3>ESRC\u9879\u76ee \u751f\u7269\u79d1\u6280\u7684\u516c\u4f17\u53c2\u4e0e<\/h3>\n<h4><\/h4>\n<h4>\u7b2c\u4e00\u8bfe \u8bb2\u4e49<\/h4>\n<h4><\/h4>\n<h4>\uff08\u8bd5\u7528\u7a3f\uff09<\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Instructions\u8bb2\u4e49\u4f7f\u7528\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8bf7\u53c2\u7167\u5bf9\u5e94ppt\u9605\u8bfb\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6587\u5b57\u3002\u6807\u9898\u6570\u5b57\u6307\u4ee3\u5bf9\u5e94ppt\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u76f8\u5e94\u5e7b\u706f\u7247\u987a\u5e8f\u3002\u8bb2\u4e49\u7531\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u7ec4\u6210\uff1a\u76ee\u524d\u6240\u793a\u4e3a\u8bfe\u7a0b\u6838\u5fc3\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u76f8\u5e94\u7f16\u5199\u4e86\u4e3a\u6559\u5e08\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u8d44\u6599\u53ca\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u601d\u8def\u89e3\u6790\uff0c\u60a8\u82e5\u611f\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u901a\u8fc7\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u548cEMR\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u80af\u7279\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u5f20\u60a6\u60a6\u6559\u6388\u8054\u7cfb\u7d22\u53d6\uff1ay.zhang-203@kent.ac.uk\uff09<\/p>\n<h4><\/h4>\n<h4>Main Text\u8bb2\u4e49\u6b63\u6587<\/h4>\n<p><strong>1 \u7b2c\u4e00\u8bfe\uff1a\u516c\u4f17\u53c2\u4e0e\u79d1\u6280\uff1a\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2 \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5728\u8bfe\u7a0b\u91cc\u8bb2\u8ff0\u201c\u516c\u4f17\u53c2\u4e0e\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bae\u9898\uff1f\u202f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u65e2\u7136\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u516c\u4f17\u53c2\u4e0e\u201d\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u90a3\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u6bd4\u4e92\u52a8\u5f0f\u7684\u5f00\u573a\u66f4\u5408\u9002\u7684\u4e86\u3002\u8bf7\u5148\u601d\u8003\u4e24\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>1\uff09\u5728\u4f60\u773c\u4e2d\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u548c\u516c\u4f17\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5173\u7cfb\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>2\uff09\u4f60\u4eec\u89c9\u5f97\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u8d77\u79d1\u6280\u4e0e\u516c\u4f17\u53c2\u4e0e\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6307\u7684 \u2018\u516c\u4f17\u53c2\u4e0e\u2019(public engagement)\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u610f\u601d\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u5b9e\u4ed4\u7ec6\u60f3\u60f3\uff0c\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u5316\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u5316\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u5f53\u83b7\u53d6\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u6e20\u9053\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53d8\u5f97\u591a\u5143\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5f88\u591a\u65b0\u5174\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u67a2\u7ebd\u5728\u201c\u53bb\u6b63\u89c4\u5316\u201d\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u5176\u201c\u4e13\u4e1a\u5316\u201d\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\uff08\u6bd4\u5982Itune U\uff0c 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\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5927\u6218\u4e2d\u6234\u9632\u6bd2\u9762\u5177\u7684\u5fb7\u519b\u58eb\u5175<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e24\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u4e2d\u5c55\u73b0\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u80fd\u91cf\u548c\u5371\u9669\u3002\u4e00\u6218\u4e2d\u6bd2\u6c14\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff1b\u4e8c\u6218\u4e2d\u539f\u5b50\u5f39\u7684\u6295\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1970\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u751f\u6001\u5371\u673a\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u548c\u73af\u5883\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u5174\u8d77\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u79d1\u6280\u53d1\u5c55\u8d1f\u9762\u60c5\u7eea\uff08\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u3001\u4e0d\u4fe1\u4efb\uff09\u4e5f\u5728\u8513\u5ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>14 \u957f\u5d0e\u539f\u5b50\u5f39\u7206\u70b8\u7684\u8611\u83c7\u4e91<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u516c\u4f17\u5bf9\u79d1\u6280\u7684\u8d1f\u9762\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u672c\u8eab\u5931\u53bb\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u4f1a\u524a\u5f31\u79d1\u5b66\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u653f\u5e9c\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8d44\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8854\u63a5\uff1a\u516c\u4f17\u53c2\u4e0e\u79d1\u5b66\u5bf9\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u79d1\u7814\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u6765\u8bf4\u90fd\u662f\u6709\u4e2a\u4ece\u964c\u751f\u5230\u719f\u6089\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002 \u4ee5\u82f1\u56fd\u4e3a\u4f8b\u6765\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>15 \u201c\u516c\u4f17\u7406\u89e3\u79d1\u5b66\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u63d0\u6cd5\u7684\u7531\u6765<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1985\u5e74\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u7687\u5bb6\u5b66\u4f1a\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u9898\u4e3a\u201c\u516c\u4f17\u7406\u89e3\u79d1\u5b66\u201d\u7684\u62a5\u544a\uff08Bodmer Report\uff09\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u573a\u4ece\u82f1\u56fd\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u9010\u6e10\u6563\u5e03\u5230\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u7684\u201c\u516c\u4f17\u7406\u89e3\u79d1\u5b66\u8fd0\u52a8\u201d\u3002\uff08Public Understanding of Science\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4efd\u62a5\u544a\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u5bf9\u4ea7\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u7e41\u8363\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u666e\u901a\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u548c\u751f\u6d3b\u90fd\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002\uff08\u6c9f\u901a\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u65e2\u662f\u4e3a\u6c11\u4f17\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u516c\u4f17\u9700\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u7684\uff0c\u65e2\u5305\u62ec\u79d1\u5b66\u77e5\u8bc6\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u3002\uff08\u5f3a\u8c03\u7406\u89e3\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5c40\u9650\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u77e5\u8bc6\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u7687\u5bb6\u5b66\u4f1a\u628a\u63a8\u8fdb\u516c\u4f17\u7406\u89e3\u79d1\u5b66\u4f5c\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u8bae\u653f\u5e9c\u3001\u4f01\u4e1a\u3001\u65b0\u95fb\u5a92\u4f53\u3001\u4e2d\u5c0f\u5b66\u6821\u6765\u4fc3\u8fdb\u516c\u4f17\u7406\u89e3\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e2a\u4eba\u8981\u5b66\u4f1a\u4e0e\u516c\u4f17\u4ea4\u6d41\u3002\uff08\u591a\u4e3b\u4f53\u53c2\u4e0e\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5f3a\u8c03\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u4e3b\u52a8\u6027\uff09<\/p>\n<p><strong>16 \u75af\u725b\u75c5\u4e0e\u8f6c\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u98ce\u6ce2<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c31\u57281980\u5e74\u4ee3\u540e\u671f\u81f31990\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u573a\u201c\u75af\u725b\u75c5\u201d\u98ce\u6ce2\u5e2d\u5377\u82f1\u56fd\uff0c\u4ece\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u79cd\u725b\u8eab\u4e0a\u7684\u4f20\u67d3\u6027\u75be\u75c5\uff08BSE\uff09\uff0c\u5230\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd9\u79cd\u75be\u75c5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8de8\u7269\u79cd\u4f20\u64ad\uff08\u725b\u3001\u7f8a\u3001\u732b\u3001\u4eba\uff09\uff0c\u6c11\u4f17\u62c5\u5fe7\u65e5\u5e38\u98df\u7269\u7684\u725b\u8089\u3001\u725b\u5976\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u4eba\u5fc3\u60f6\u60f6\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e86\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5bf9\u8fd9\u79cd\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u4f20\u67d3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u5371\u5bb3\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u73b0\u5177\u4f53\u4f20\u64ad\u9014\u5f84\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8c03\u67e5\u62a5\u544a\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u800c\u653f\u5e9c\u5b98\u5458\u4e5f\u591a\u6b21\u51fa\u9762\u8c08\u98df\u54c1\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u6d88\u9664\u6050\u614c\u3001\u6811\u7acb\u4fe1\u5fc3\u3001\u652f\u6301\u519c\u4e1a\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u968f\u7740\u5a92\u4f53\u62a5\u9053\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u53d1\u75c5\u4e8b\u4ef6\u548c\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6c11\u4f17\u5bf9\u4e8e\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u4fe1\u4efb\u906d\u5230\u4e86\u6781\u5927\u7684\u7834\u73af\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u653f\u5e9c\u9690\u7792\u771f\u76f8\uff0c\u800c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e0d\u8d1f\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u75af\u725b\u75c5\u7684\u524d\u4f8b\uff0c1990\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6765\u5173\u4e8e\u8f6c\u57fa\u56e0\u519c\u4f5c\u7269\u548c\u98df\u54c1\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u516c\u4f17\u5bf9\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u4fe1\u4efb\u5f88\u96be\u5efa\u7acb\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>17.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u516c\u4f17\u7406\u89e3\u79d1\u5b66\u201d(public understanding of science)\u6697\u542b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u9884\u8bbe\u662f\uff0c\u516c\u4f17\u5bf9\u4e8e\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0d\u591f\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u548c\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u4eba\u4eec\u77e5\u8bc6\u6c34\u5e73\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u5c31\u81ea\u7136\u800c\u7136\u5730\u652f\u6301\u79d1\u5b66\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9884\u8bbe\u662f\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u591a\u5e74\u63a8\u884c\u201c\u516c\u4f17\u7406\u89e3\u79d1\u5b66\u201d\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u666e\u901a\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u7d20\u517b\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\uff0c\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u4e5f\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u5374\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u56e0\u6b64\u800c\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u4e3a\u79ef\u6781\u3002\u53cd\u800c\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u8bf8\u5982\u75af\u725b\u75c5\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e0a\u7684\u6c9f\u901a\u4e0d\u7545\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8f6c\u57fa\u56e0\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u516c\u4f17\u5bf9\u4e8e\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u4fe1\u4efb\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b66\u8005\u4eec\u53cd\u601d\u201c\u516c\u4f17\u7406\u89e3\u79d1\u5b66\u201d\u7684\u9884\u8bbe\u548c\u8fdb\u884c\u6c9f\u901a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u516c\u4f17\u53c2\u4e0e\u79d1\u5b66\u201d\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u79d1\u5b66\u754c\u4e0e\u516c\u4f17\u7684\u6c9f\u901a\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4e92\u52a8\u7684\u3001\u53cc\u5411\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8981\u5411\u516c\u4f17\u4f20\u9012\u79d1\u5b66\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8ba9\u516c\u4f17\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u8ba9\u516c\u4f17\u8868\u8fbe\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u548c\u8bc9\u6c42\u3001\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u7591\u8651\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2000\u82f1\u56fd\u4e0a\u8bae\u9662\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u201c\u7b2c\u4e09\u62a5\u544a\u201d\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u7528\u65b0\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u66ff\u4ee3\u201c\u516c\u4f17\u7406\u89e3\u79d1\u5b66\u201d\uff0c\u632a\u5a01\u3001\u4e39\u9ea6\u3001\u8377\u5170\u5404\u56fd\u4e5f\u7eb7\u7eb7\u5f00\u5c55\u5e02\u6c11\u542c\u8bc1\u4f1a\u3001\u5171\u8bc6\u4f1a\u8bae\u7b49\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u8ba9\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e0e\u516c\u4f17\u8fdb\u884c\u4e92\u52a8\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u8ba9\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u516c\u4f17\u53c2\u4e0e\u5230\u5bf9\u79d1\u6280\u8bae\u9898\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e2d\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5bf9\u79d1\u6280\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5728\u4e0e\u516c\u4f17\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u4f20\u9012\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u8003\u8651\u516c\u4f17\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u548c\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u9700\u8981\u5a92\u4f53\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u79d1\u6280\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u516c\u4f17\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u5b66\u4f1a\u5982\u4f55\u4e0e\u5a92\u4f53\u5408\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>18.\u202f\u82f1\u56fd\u516c\u4f17\u53c2\u4e0e\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u5efa\u5236<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1985\u5e74\u7687\u5bb6\u5b66\u4f1a\u7684\u201c\u516c\u4f17\u7406\u89e3\u79d1\u5b66\u201d\u62a5\u544a<\/p>\n<p>1993\u5e74\u53d1\u5e03\u9898\u4e3a\u300a\u91ca\u653e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6f5c\u529b\u300b\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u767d\u76ae\u4e66\uff1a\u79d1\u6280\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u6bcf\u5e74\u62e8\u6b3e450\u4e07\u82f1\u9551\u7528\u4e8e\u652f\u6301\u516c\u4f17\u7406\u89e3\u79d1\u5b66\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7406\u4e8b\u4f1a\u90fd\u5c06\u516c\u4f17\u7406\u89e3\u79d1\u5b66\u6d3b\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5176\u4efb\u52a1\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2000\u5e74\u4e0a\u8bae\u9662\u7684\u201c\u7b2c\u4e09\u62a5\u544a\u201d\uff1a\u75af\u725b\u75c5\u7834\u574f\u4e86\u516c\u4f17\u5bf9\u653f\u5e9c\u79d1\u5b66\u987e\u95ee\u7684\u4fe1\u4efb\uff1b\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u5f00\u59cb\u5bf9\u8fc5\u901f\u79d1\u6280\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u751f\u7269\u6280\u672f\u4ee5\u53caIT\uff0c\u611f\u5230\u7126\u8651\uff1b\u6b64\u6b21\u4fe1\u4efb\u5371\u673a\u5bf9\u82f1\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u4ee5\u53ca\u82f1\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u754c\u5f71\u54cd\u5de8\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2006\u5e74\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u79d1\u5b66\u5a92\u4ecb\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff08Science Media Centre\uff09\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u6c9f\u901a\u79d1\u5b66\u754c\u548c\u65b0\u95fb\u5a92\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2007\u5e74\u5546\u4e1a\u521b\u65b0\u90e8\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u79d1\u5b66\u4e13\u5bb6\u8d44\u6e90\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff08Sciencewise-ERC\uff09\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u7ec4\u7ec7\u516c\u4f17\u5bf9\u8bdd\u6765\u8f85\u52a9\u79d1\u6280\u8bae\u9898\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u51b3\u7b56<\/p>\n<p>2008\u5e74\u82f1\u56fd\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u8d44\u52a9\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u8054\u5408\u82f1\u56fd\u7814\u7a76\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u201c\u516c\u4f17\u53c2\u4e0e\u56fd\u5bb6\u534f\u8c03\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff08NCCPE\uff09\u201d\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5e2e\u52a9\u548c\u652f\u6301\u9ad8\u6821\u8fdb\u884c\u516c\u4f17\u53c2\u4e0e\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5927\u5b66\u8fdb\u884c\u516c\u4f17\u53c2\u4e0e\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u6539\u53d8\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u201c\u8c61\u7259\u5854\u201d\u6587\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u516c\u5171\u53c2\u4e0e\u79d1\u6280\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u53d1\u5c55\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u8d70\u8fc7\u5f2f\u8def\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u5728\u98df\u54c1\u5b89\u5168\u5f15\u8d77\u516c\u4f17\u6050\u614c\u540e\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63a8\u52a8\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53cd\u601d\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u79d1\u7814\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u5f00\u59cb\u4e5f\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\uff1b\u516c\u4f17\u4e5f\u5145\u6ee1\u8d28\u7591\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u4e5f\u662f\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u4e0a\u5230\u4e0b\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u4e0a\u81f3\u653f\u7b56\u51fa\u53f0\u3001\u5236\u5ea6\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u4e0b\u81f3\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u6295\u5165\u3001\u63a2\u7d22\u548c\u63a8\u52a8\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; 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model\uff09\uff1a\u516c\u4f17\u7f3a\u4e4f\u79d1\u5b66\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u7d20\u517b\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u77e5\u8bc6\u666e\u53ca\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4eec\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u4ed6\u4eec\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u652f\u6301\u79d1\u5b66\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u8bdd\u6a21\u578b\uff08dialogic model\uff09\uff1a\u516c\u4f17\u4e0d\u662f\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u63a5\u53d7\u8005\uff0c\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7acb\u573a\u548c\u8bc9\u6c42\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u4f20\u64ad\u9700\u8981\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u516c\u4f17\u4e92\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bdd\u3001\u4e92\u76f8\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53c2\u4e0e\u6a21\u578b\uff08engaged model\uff09\uff1a\u516c\u4f17\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5229\u76ca\u76f8\u5173\u8005\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u53c2\u4e0e\u5230\u5bf9\u79d1\u6280\u8bae\u9898\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u4e2d\u6765\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u7d20\u517b\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u53c2\u4e0e\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ed3\u5408\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u754c\u5b9a\u8bae\u9898\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u60c5\u5883\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8bf4\u660e\u6bcf\u79cd\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5229\u5f0a\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u9f99\u5377\u98ce\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u60c5\u5883\u4e0b\u7f3a\u5931\u6a21\u578b\u4e5f\u8bb8\u66f4\u5408\u9002\uff1b\u53c2\u4e0e\u6a21\u578b\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6709\u77ed\u5904\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u54ea\u4e00\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u5c31\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u6700\u6709\u6548\u6216\u6700\u597d\u7684\u3002\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u6301\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u5ba1\u8fa8\u6027\uff08be critical\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>23 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away\uff0c\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f1a\u7528\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u672f\u8bed\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\u6765\u5206\u6790\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u9047\u5230\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50<\/p>\n<p><strong>25 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ESRC\u9879\u76ee \u751f\u7269\u79d1\u6280\u7684\u516c\u4f17\u53c2\u4e0e \u7b2c\u4e00\u8bfe \u8bb2\u4e49 \uff08\u8bd5\u7528\u7a3f\uff09 &nbsp; Instructions\u8bb2\u4e49\u4f7f\u7528\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a \u8bf7\u53c2\u7167\u5bf9\u5e94ppt\u9605\u8bfb\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6587\u5b57\u3002\u6807\u9898\u6570\u5b57\u6307\u4ee3\u5bf9\u5e94ppt\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u76f8\u5e94\u5e7b\u706f\u7247\u987a\u5e8f\u3002\u8bb2\u4e49\u7531\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u7ec4\u6210\uff1a\u76ee\u524d\u6240\u793a\u4e3a\u8bfe\u7a0b\u6838\u5fc3\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u76f8\u5e94\u7f16\u5199\u4e86\u4e3a\u6559\u5e08\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u8d44\u6599\u53ca\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u601d\u8def\u89e3\u6790\uff0c\u60a8\u82e5\u611f\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u901a\u8fc7\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u548cEMR\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u80af\u7279\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u5f20\u60a6\u60a6\u6559\u6388\u8054\u7cfb\u7d22\u53d6\uff1ay.zhang-203@kent.ac.uk\uff09 Main Text\u8bb2\u4e49\u6b63\u6587 1 \u7b2c\u4e00\u8bfe\uff1a\u516c\u4f17\u53c2\u4e0e\u79d1\u6280\uff1a\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f 2 \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5728\u8bfe\u7a0b\u91cc\u8bb2\u8ff0\u201c\u516c\u4f17\u53c2\u4e0e\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bae\u9898\uff1f\u202f \u65e2\u7136\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u516c\u4f17\u53c2\u4e0e\u201d\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u90a3\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u6bd4\u4e92\u52a8\u5f0f\u7684\u5f00\u573a\u66f4\u5408\u9002\u7684\u4e86\u3002\u8bf7\u5148\u601d\u8003\u4e24\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1a 1\uff09\u5728\u4f60\u773c\u4e2d\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u548c\u516c\u4f17\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5173\u7cfb\uff1f 2\uff09\u4f60\u4eec\u89c9\u5f97\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u8d77\u79d1\u6280\u4e0e\u516c\u4f17\u53c2\u4e0e\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6307\u7684 \u2018\u516c\u4f17\u53c2\u4e0e\u2019(public engagement)\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u610f\u601d\uff1f 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